Since many of the escapes from dominating pins and holds involve a retreat to the guard position, we will spend a good deal of time discussing this position. The broadest feature of the guard is that it involves sitting or lying underneath your opponent in the guard position is that your legs can be used to control his movements and to work him into submission holds, sweeps and strikes awhile at the same time restricting his attacks. Although many forms of guard are available, they all can be divided into three basic categories.
- Closed guard: This involves locking your legs around your opponent’s waist while lying underneath him. This move is what most people associate with the guard position, since this was the variation of the guard that was used more than any other in early MMA matches. The advantage of the closed guard is the ease with which it can be used to nullify an opponent’s striking attack. It is rather like a tight restrictive clinch on the ground. You can use it to tie up an opponent’s arms and interfere with his punches.
- Open guard: This is a broad category of positions whose only common factor is that your opponent is in front of your legs. Since you are not really holding your opponent in with your legs, he is liberty to stand up and walk away from you at any time he chooses, which is an option taken by many strikers who prefer the standing position. The open guard, then, tends to be more effective against an opponent who wants to keep the fight in the ground phase and is driving forward into you, trying to “ground and pound” or pass around your legs to get to a better position. In this situation, the open guard offers a great combination of defensive options, which is due to the great mobility that the position offers to your hips and legs.
- A third category of guard position – and one of great importance- is the so-called half-guard position. In a full guard, your legs are wrapped around your opponent’s waist: thus, both his legs are between yours. As you grapple with your training partners, it quite happens that your opponent attempts to get around your legs. As he pushes past your legs, you have to lock your legs around one of his to prevent him from getting past your legs and into a dominating side position. Since you are controlling only one of his legs, you have him in a “half-guard.”
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